上帝之爱的困难教义
The Difficult Doctrine of the Love of God
D.A.卡森 / D.A. Carson
简介 Summary
卡森对上帝之爱教义的细致分析，澄清现代基督教中对神圣之爱的误解。作者指出，当代教会常常简化了上帝的爱，将其理解为无条件的接纳而忽视了上帝的圣洁和公义。卡森通过详细的圣经研究，展示了上帝之爱的多重层面：普遍恩惠的爱、拣选的爱、条件性的爱等，论证只有在上帝的圣洁和公义框架内，才能正确理解神圣之爱的真正含义。
Carson's meticulous analysis of the doctrine of God's love, clarifying misunderstandings about divine love in contemporary Christianity. The author notes that contemporary churches often oversimplify God's love, understanding it as unconditional acceptance while ignoring God's holiness and justice. Through detailed biblical study, Carson demonstrates multiple dimensions of God's love: common grace love, electing love, conditional love, and more, arguing that divine love's true meaning can only be properly understood within the framework of God's holiness and justice.
📑 章节 Chapters
Ch.1: The Idol of Love in Modern Culture
卡森分析现代西方文化如何将"爱"偶像化，使其成为最高价值而忽视真理和公义。当代人往往认为爱就是接纳一切，不加分辨。这种观念渗透到教会中，导致对神之爱的严重误解。真正的神之爱是圣洁的爱，不容忍罪恶。
Carson analyzes how modern Western culture idolizes "love," making it the highest value while ignoring truth and justice. Contemporary people often think love means accepting everything without discernment. This notion infiltrates churches, causing serious misunderstandings of God's love. True divine love is holy love that doesn't tolerate sin.
“In our culture, the one thing you cannot say is that someone's lifestyle is wrong, because love is tolerance, and tolerance is love. 在我们的文化中，你不能说的一件事是某人的生活方式是错误的，因为爱就是宽容，宽容就是爱。”
“But the Bible knows nothing of a love that is not holy, nor of a holiness that is not loving. 但圣经不知道有不圣洁的爱，也不知道有不慈爱的圣洁。”
Ch.2: God's Creative Love and Providential Love
探讨神对所有受造物的爱。神创造万物并维护宇宙秩序，这体现了神的普遍恩惠。日光雨露降给好人也降给恶人，这是神对所有人的仁慈。但这种爱不等于救赎之爱，不意味着所有人都自动得救。神的普遍恩惠与特殊恩典需要区分。
Explores God's love for all creation. God creates all things and sustains universal order, manifesting divine common grace. Sun and rain fall on good and evil alike—this is God's kindness to all. But this love doesn't equal redemptive love, doesn't mean all are automatically saved. God's common grace and special grace must be distinguished.
“He causes his sun to rise on the evil and the good, and sends rain on the righteous and the unrighteous. 因为他叫日头照好人，也照歹人；降雨给义人，也给不义的人。”
“God's providential love is real love, but it is not saving love. 神的护理之爱是真正的爱，但不是拯救的爱。”
Ch.3: God's Salvific Love and Election
深入分析神对选民的特殊之爱。神在永恒中拣选了一些人得救，这体现了神主权的爱。这种爱是特殊的、确定的、有效的。卡森处理了关于拣选教义的常见误解，论证神的主权拣选不与神的爱相矛盾，反而彰显了爱的主权性质。
Thoroughly analyzes God's special love for the elect. God chose some for salvation in eternity, manifesting sovereign love. This love is special, certain, effective. Carson addresses common misunderstandings about election doctrine, arguing God's sovereign election doesn't contradict divine love but reveals love's sovereign nature.
“For he chose us in him before the creation of the world to be holy and blameless in his sight. In love he predestined us. 就如神从创立世界以前，在基督里拣选了我们，使我们在他面前成为圣洁，无有瑕疵；又因爱我们，就按着自己意旨所喜悦的，预定我们。”
“God's electing love is not arbitrary but grounded in his sovereign good pleasure and ultimate purposes. 神的拣选之爱不是任意的，而是基于他主权的美意和终极目的。”
Ch.4: God's Wrath and Love Toward the Disobedient
探讨一个困难的神学问题：神能否同时爱一个人又向他发怒？卡森通过圣经分析显示，神的愤怒与神的爱并不矛盾，而是同一圣洁之神的不同面向。神因为爱而恨恶罪恶，神的愤怒正是圣洁之爱的表达。
Explores a difficult theological question: can God simultaneously love someone and be angry with them? Through biblical analysis, Carson shows God's wrath and love don't contradict but are different aspects of the same holy God. God hates sin because of love; divine wrath is expression of holy love.
“The wrath of God is being revealed from heaven against all the godlessness and wickedness of people. 原来，神的忿怒从天上显明在一切不虔不义的人身上。”
“God's love and God's wrath are not in tension with each other; they are both expressions of God's holiness. 神的爱和神的愤怒彼此不冲突；它们都是神的圣洁的表达。”
Ch.5: The Cross: Where God's Love and Justice Meet
分析十字架如何完美地彰显了神的爱与公义。在十字架上，神的公义得到满足（罪得到刑罚），神的慈爱得到显明（神亲自承担刑罚）。十字架是神各种属性完美和谐的体现，也是理解神之爱的关键所在。
Analyzes how the cross perfectly manifests God's love and justice. On the cross, God's justice is satisfied (sin is punished), God's mercy is revealed (God personally bears punishment). The cross is perfect harmony of God's attributes and key to understanding divine love.
“God presented Christ as a sacrifice of atonement, through the shedding of his blood—to be received by faith. 神设立耶稣作挽回祭，是凭着耶稣的血，借着人的信。”
“The cross demonstrates both God's perfect justice in punishing sin and God's perfect love in providing the sacrifice. 十字架显明了神在刑罚罪恶中的完全公义，也显明了神在提供祭物中的完全慈爱。”
Ch.6: Conditional and Unconditional Aspects of God's Love
细致分析神之爱的不同层面。神的一些爱是无条件的（如对选民的拣选之爱），但神的另一些爱是有条件的（如对顺服者的悦纳之爱）。卡森通过经文分析，展示了这种复杂性如何帮助我们更准确地理解圣经中关于神之爱的教导。
Thoroughly analyzes different aspects of God's love. Some of God's love is unconditional (like electing love for chosen ones), but other aspects are conditional (like approving love for the obedient). Carson shows through scriptural analysis how this complexity helps us more accurately understand biblical teachings about divine love.
“The Lord loves the righteous but his face is against those who do evil. 因为耶和华的眼目看顾义人，他的耳朵听他们的祈祷；惟有行恶的人，主向他们变脸。”
“God's love operates on multiple levels with different characteristics and conditions at each level. 神的爱在多个层面运作，每个层面都有不同的特征和条件。”
Ch.7: The Ultimate Goal of God's Love
探讨神之爱的最终目的不是人的幸福，而是神自己的荣耀。这个真理挑战了以人为中心的神学观念。神爱我们是为了他的名的缘故，为了彰显他的属性。当我们理解这个目标时，我们对神之爱的理解就会变得更加深刻和准确。
Explores how the ultimate purpose of God's love is not human happiness but God's own glory. This truth challenges anthropocentric theological concepts. God loves us for his name's sake, to manifest his attributes. When we understand this goal, our comprehension of divine love becomes deeper and more accurate.
“For my own sake, for my own sake, I do this. How can I let myself be defamed? I will not yield my glory to another. 我为自己的缘故必行这事，我焉能使我的名被亵渎？我必不将我的荣耀归给假神。”
“God's love for us is ultimately God's love for himself—and this is not selfishness but the highest good. 神对我们的爱最终是神对自己的爱——这不是自私，而是最高的善。”
Ch.8: Practical Guidance for Properly Proclaiming God's Love
为牧者和传道人提供正确传讲神之爱的实用指导。卡森警告不要片面强调神的爱而忽视神的其他属性，也不要用世俗的爱的概念来理解神之爱。真正的福音宣讲必须在神的圣洁框架内传讲神的爱，这样的信息才是完整和有效的。
Provides practical guidance for pastors and preachers on properly proclaiming God's love. Carson warns against one-sidedly emphasizing God's love while ignoring other divine attributes, and against understanding divine love through secular love concepts. True gospel proclamation must preach God's love within the framework of divine holiness for complete and effective message.
“We must not preach the love of God apart from the holiness of God, nor the holiness of God apart from the love of God. 我们既不能脱离神的圣洁来传讲神的爱，也不能脱离神的爱来传讲神的圣洁。”
“The gospel is not that God loves sinners, but that the holy God loves sinners enough to deal with their sin. 福音不是神爱罪人，而是圣洁的神爱罪人到一个程度，愿意处理他们的罪。”