十字架与基督徒事工
The Cross and Christian Ministry
D.A.卡森 / D.A. Carson
简介 Summary
卡森对基督教事工神学基础的深刻反思。作者以哥林多前书为主要文本，探讨保罗如何理解十字架与事工的关系。卡森论证，十字架不仅是救恩的核心，更是一切基督徒事工的根本范式——事工必须体现十字架的智慧而非世界的智慧，体现软弱中的能力而非强势的操控。这种"十字架神学"为当代教会的牧养、布道和社会参与提供了重要的神学指导。
Carson's profound reflection on the theological foundations of Christian ministry. Using 1 Corinthians as primary text, the author explores how Paul understood the relationship between the cross and ministry. Carson argues that the cross is not only salvation's core but the fundamental paradigm for all Christian ministry—ministry must embody the cross's wisdom rather than worldly wisdom, power in weakness rather than dominating control. This "theology of the cross" provides important theological guidance for contemporary church pastoral care, evangelism, and social engagement.
📑 章节 Chapters
Ch.1: The Foolishness of the Cross and God's Wisdom
卡森从哥林多前书1章开始，分析十字架信息在世人眼中的"愚拙"。神拣选了世上愚拙的、软弱的、卑贱的来羞辱智慧人和强壮的。这种价值观的颠覆对基督徒事工具有根本意义——真正有效的事工不是依靠人的智慧、口才或技巧，而是依靠十字架的大能。
Starting from 1 Corinthians 1, Carson analyzes the "foolishness" of cross message in worldly eyes. God chose the foolish, weak, and lowly of the world to shame the wise and strong. This value reversal has fundamental significance for Christian ministry—truly effective ministry relies not on human wisdom, eloquence or technique, but on cross power.
“For the message of the cross is foolishness to those who are perishing, but to us who are being saved it is the power of God. 因为十字架的道理，在那灭亡的人为愚拙；在我们得救的人，却为神的大能。”
“God chose the foolish things of the world to shame the wise; God chose the weak things to shame the strong. 神却拣选了世上愚拙的，叫有智慧的羞愧；又拣选了世上软弱的，叫那强壮的羞愧。”
Ch.2: Paul's Ministry Philosophy: Not with Lofty Words
深入分析哥林多前书2章中保罗的事工方法。保罗刻意避免使用当时流行的修辞技巧和哲学论证，而是单纯传讲耶稣基督并他钉十字架。这不是因为保罗缺乏教育或能力，而是为了确保人们的信心不在人的智慧里，而在神的大能里。
Thoroughly analyzes Paul's ministry methods in 1 Corinthians 2. Paul deliberately avoided using popular rhetorical techniques and philosophical arguments, simply proclaiming Jesus Christ and him crucified. This wasn't from lack of education or ability, but to ensure people's faith rests not in human wisdom but in God's power.
“When I came to you, I did not come with eloquence or human wisdom as I proclaimed to you the testimony about God. 弟兄们，从前我到你们那里去，并没有用高言大智对你们宣传神的奥秘。”
“My message and my preaching were not with wise and persuasive words, but with a demonstration of the Spirit's power. 我说的话、讲的道，不是用智慧委婉的言语，乃是用圣灵和大能的明证。”
Ch.3: The Cross Pattern of Church Growth
探讨哥林多前书3章对教会建造的教导。保罗反对人格崇拜和党派分争，强调真正的教会增长必须建立在基督这块根基上。各种事工方法（栽种、浇灌等）都只是手段，唯有神能使人成长。这提醒现代教会避免将事工技巧偶像化。
Explores 1 Corinthians 3 teachings on church building. Paul opposes personality worship and partisan divisions, emphasizing true church growth must be built on Christ as foundation. Various ministry methods (planting, watering, etc.) are only means; only God gives growth. This reminds modern churches to avoid idolizing ministry techniques.
“I planted the seed, Apollos watered it, but God has been making it grow. 我栽种了，亚波罗浇灌了，惟有神叫他生长。”
“For no one can lay any foundation other than the one already laid, which is Jesus Christ. 因为那已经立好的根基就是耶稣基督，此外没有人能立别的根基。”
Ch.4: Cross Characteristics of Apostolic Ministry
分析哥林多前书4章中保罗对使徒职分的描述。真正的属灵领袖不是受人尊崇的成功人士，而是"被世界定为愚拙"的人，是"死囚"，是"万物中的垃圾"。这种自我描述揭示了十字架事工的真正本质——通过软弱彰显神的能力。
Analyzes Paul's description of apostolic ministry in 1 Corinthians 4. True spiritual leaders are not respected successful people but those "considered fools by the world," "condemned to death," "scum of the earth." This self-description reveals cross ministry's true nature—demonstrating God's power through weakness.
“It seems to me that God has put us apostles on display at the end of the procession, like those condemned to die in the arena. 我想神把我们使徒明明列在末后，好像定死罪的囚犯。”
“We are fools for Christ, but you are so wise in Christ! We are weak, but you are strong! 我们为基督的缘故算是愚拙的，你们在基督里倒是聪明的；我们软弱，你们倒强壮。”
Ch.5: Church Discipline and Cross Holiness
考察哥林多前书5章关于教会纪律的教导。十字架不仅带来赦免，也要求圣洁。保罗处理哥林多教会的道德问题显示，真正的牧者关怀不是姑息罪恶，而是以爱心进行管教。这种"十字架纪律"既维护了教会的圣洁，也体现了对罪人的挽回。
Examines 1 Corinthians 5 teaching on church discipline. The cross brings not only forgiveness but also demands holiness. Paul's handling of Corinthian church moral issues shows true pastoral care is not condoning sin but discipline with love. This "cross discipline" both maintains church holiness and demonstrates restoration of sinners.
“Get rid of the old yeast, so that you may be a new unleavened batch—as you really are. 你们既是无酵的面，应当把旧酵除净。”
“When you are assembled and I am with you in spirit, and the power of our Lord Jesus is present, hand this man over to Satan for the destruction of the flesh. 就是你们聚会的时候，我的心也同在。奉我们主耶稣的名，并用我们主耶稣的权能，要把这样的人交给撒但，败坏他的肉体。”
Ch.6: Authority and Service in Ministry
通过哥林多前书9章分析保罗如何理解事工中的权柄。保罗虽有使徒的权柄，却甘愿放弃个人权益，为了福音的缘故作众人的仆人。这种"权柄即服事"的模式源于十字架，对抗世俗的权力观念，为教会领袖提供了根本的事工范式。
Through 1 Corinthians 9 analyzes how Paul understood authority in ministry. Though possessing apostolic authority, Paul willingly gave up personal rights, becoming servant of all for gospel's sake. This "authority as service" pattern originates from the cross, opposing worldly power concepts, providing fundamental ministry paradigm for church leaders.
“Though I am free and belong to no one, I have made myself a slave to everyone, to win as many as possible. 我虽是自由的，无人辖管，然而我甘心作了众人的仆人，为要多得人。”
“I have become all things to all people so that by all possible means I might save some. 向什么样的人，我就作什么样的人。无论如何，总要救些人。”
Ch.7: The Cross and Church Unity
探讨十字架如何成为教会合一的基础。哥林多教会的分裂问题根源于人的骄傲和世俗价值观。真正的合一不是人为的组织统一，而是在十字架下的谦卑和相互服事。教会的多样性在十字架中得到统一，差异在基督里得到和谐。
Explores how the cross becomes foundation for church unity. Corinthian church division problems rooted in human pride and worldly values. True unity is not artificial organizational unity but humility and mutual service under the cross. Church diversity finds unity in the cross, differences find harmony in Christ.
“Is Christ divided? Was Paul crucified for you? Were you baptized in the name of Paul? 基督是分开的吗？保罗为你们钉了十字架吗？你们是奉保罗的名受了洗吗？”
“All of you together are Christ's body, and each of you is a part of it. 你们就是基督的身子，并且各自作肢体。”
Ch.8: Contemporary Application of Cross Ministry
总结十字架事工原则在当代教会中的具体应用。卡森呼吁现代教会重新审视成功神学、名人牧师文化和技术导向的事工模式。真正的基督教事工必须回归十字架，通过软弱见证能力，通过服事彰显权柄，通过谦卑带来复兴。
Summarizes specific applications of cross ministry principles in contemporary churches. Carson calls modern churches to reexamine prosperity theology, celebrity pastor culture, and technique-oriented ministry models. True Christian ministry must return to the cross, witnessing power through weakness, demonstrating authority through service, bringing revival through humility.
“The cross must shape not only our theology but our methodology, not only our message but our manner. 十字架必须塑造的不仅是我们的神学也是我们的方法论，不仅是我们的信息也是我们的方式。”
“In a world obsessed with success, the church must dare to be faithful to the way of the cross. 在一个痴迷于成功的世界里，教会必须敢于忠实于十字架的道路。”