后现代主义与基督教

核心论证 Core Argument

后现代主义宣称不存在客观真理，一切叙事都是权力建构的产物。然而这一立场本身就是自我反驳的：「不存在客观真理」这句话若为真，则它本身就是一个客观真理宣称，从而自相矛盾。D.A.卡森（D.A. Carson）在《封住上帝的口》中指出，后现代主义对元叙事的拒绝本身就构成了一个元叙事。 阿尔文·普兰丁格的进化论证（EAAN）对自然主义提出了更深层的挑战：若人类认知仅是盲目自然选择的偶然产物——选择的是生存适应性而非真理认知能力——我们就没有理由信任自己的任何信念，包括后现代主义和自然主义本身。达尔文自己也曾表达过类似的担忧。这是对所有反实在论立场的釜底抽薪式反驳。 基督教承认人的有限性和文化处境对理解的影响，但同时坚持上帝的特殊启示——圣经——提供了超越文化的客观真理标准。蒂莫西·凯勒在《为何是他》中精辟指出：后现代对权力结构的批判实际上预设了一个客观的公义标准——而这正是基督教世界观所提供的。若没有超越文化的善恶标准，对压迫的批判就失去了根基。福音不是西方文化的产物，而是审判一切文化的上帝之道（希伯来书4:12）。正如耶稣所说："你们必晓得真理，真理必叫你们得以自由"（约翰福音8:32）。

Postmodernism claims no objective truth exists — all narratives are power constructs. Yet this stance is self-refuting: 'There is no objective truth' is itself an objective truth claim, creating a contradiction. D.A. Carson in 'The Gagging of God' notes that postmodernism's rejection of metanarratives is itself a metanarrative. Alvin Plantinga's Evolutionary Argument Against Naturalism (EAAN) poses a deeper challenge: if human cognition is merely an accidental product of blind natural selection — which selects for survival fitness rather than truth-tracking — we have no reason to trust any beliefs, including postmodernism and naturalism themselves. Darwin himself expressed similar concerns. This undercuts all anti-realist positions at their very foundation. Christianity acknowledges human finitude and cultural situatedness while maintaining that God's special revelation — Scripture — provides an objective truth standard transcending culture. Timothy Keller in 'The Reason for God' observes that postmodern critique of power structures actually presupposes an objective standard of justice — precisely what the Christian worldview provides. Without a transcultural standard of good and evil, critique of oppression loses its foundation. The gospel is not a product of Western culture but God's Word that judges all cultures (Hebrews 4:12). As Jesus said: 'You will know the truth, and the truth will set you free' (John 8:32).