新约文件可靠吗？
The New Testament Documents: Are They Reliable?
布鲁斯 / F.F. Bruce
简介 Summary
布鲁斯新约可靠性研究的修订扩展版，融入了更多最新的考古发现和学术研究成果。相比早期版本，这一版本更全面地处理了现代批评学的挑战，包括形式批评、编辑批评等方法论问题。布鲁斯以更新的数据和更精细的论证，进一步巩固了新约历史可靠性的立场，为新一代读者提供了更加充分的证据和更加现代的表述方式。
Bruce's revised and expanded edition of New Testament reliability studies, incorporating more recent archaeological discoveries and scholarly research. Compared to earlier versions, this edition more comprehensively addresses challenges from modern critical scholarship, including methodological issues in form criticism and redaction criticism. With updated data and more refined argumentation, Bruce further consolidates the position of New Testament historical reliability, providing new generations of readers with more sufficient evidence and more contemporary expression.
📑 章节 Chapters
Ch.1: Luke as Historian: Qualifications and Methods
布鲁斯开篇评估路加作为史学家的资质。他分析路加福音的序言（1:1-4），显示路加采用了当时希罗史学的标准方法：调查见证人、查考原始资料、按照次序叙述。作者将路加与同时代的史学家如约瑟夫进行比较，论证路加具备写作可靠历史的学术素养和方法论基础。
Bruce opens by assessing Luke's qualifications as a historian. He analyzes Luke's prologue (1:1-4), showing Luke employed standard Hellenistic historiographical methods: investigating eyewitnesses, examining original sources, orderly narration. The author compares Luke with contemporary historians like Josephus, arguing Luke possessed the scholarly training and methodological foundation for writing reliable history.
“Luke claims to write history, and his claim has been vindicated by the researches of Sir William Ramsay and others. 路加声称在写历史，而他的这一声称已经被拉姆齐爵士等人的研究所证实。”
“It seemed good to me also, having followed all things closely for some time past, to write an orderly account for you. 这些事我既从起头都详细考察了，就定意要按着次序写给你。”
Ch.2: Accurate Description of Political and Administrative Systems
详细分析使徒行传对罗马帝国政治行政制度描述的准确性。布鲁斯逐一考察书中提到的各种官职：亚基老的分封王身份、居里扭的人口普查、彼拉多的总督职位、希律亚基帕的王室地位等，证明路加对第一世纪巴勒斯坦和地中海世界政治结构的描述完全准确。
Detailed analysis of Acts' accuracy in describing Roman Empire political and administrative systems. Bruce systematically examines various official titles mentioned: Archelaus as ethnarch, Quirinius's census, Pilate's governorship, Herod Agrippa's royal status, etc., proving Luke's completely accurate description of first-century Palestinian and Mediterranean political structures.
“Luke's accuracy in matters of geography and politics has been repeatedly confirmed by archaeological discovery. 路加在地理和政治事务上的准确性已经被考古发现反复证实。”
“The various provincial and municipal officials mentioned by Luke are given their correct titles throughout. 路加提到的各种行省和市政官员，其官职称谓始终准确无误。”
Ch.3: Precision of Geographical Settings and City Descriptions
考察使徒行传中地理信息的准确性。布鲁斯分析了保罗传教旅程中涉及的各个城市和地区：安提阿、以弗所、哥林多、腓立比、帖撒罗尼迦等，验证路加对这些地方政治地位、文化特点、地理位置的描述。特别重要的是，路加准确使用了各地的专业术语和官职名称。
Examining geographical accuracy in Acts. Bruce analyzes various cities and regions in Paul's missionary journeys: Antioch, Ephesus, Corinth, Philippi, Thessalonica, etc., verifying Luke's descriptions of their political status, cultural characteristics, and geographical locations. Particularly important is Luke's accurate use of specialized terminology and official titles for each location.
“Luke shows intimate acquaintance with the geography of the eastern Mediterranean. 路加显示出对地中海东部地理环境的深度了解。”
“The technical terms which he employs for the various classes of officials in the cities visited by Paul are those in use in his day, as we know from inscriptions. 他对保罗所到各城市各类官员所使用的专业术语，正是我们从铭文中了解到的当时通用术语。”
Ch.4: Authentic Reflection of Sociocultural Background
分析使徒行传对第一世纪地中海世界社会文化的描述。布鲁斯研究了书中反映的社会阶层、宗教环境、法律制度、商业活动等方面，证明路加准确捕捉了希罗-罗马世界的社会实态。特别是对犹太教与外邦宗教、罗马公民权、奴隶制度等的描述都符合当时的历史实际。
Analyzing Acts' description of first-century Mediterranean sociocultural world. Bruce studies social stratification, religious environment, legal systems, commercial activities reflected in the book, proving Luke accurately captured Greco-Roman social realities. Particularly descriptions of Judaism and pagan religions, Roman citizenship, slavery system all conform to historical facts of the time.
“Luke's picture of the social and religious conditions of the apostolic age rings true at every point. 路加对使徒时代社会和宗教状况的描述，在每一点上都是真实的。”
“The author of Acts shows himself to be a man of liberal education, acquainted with the intellectual movements of his age. 使徒行传的作者显示自己是一个受过良好教育的人，熟悉他那个时代的思想动向。”
Ch.5: Eyewitness Value of the 'We' Passages
专门分析使徒行传中的"我们"段落（16:10-17; 20:5-15; 21:1-18; 27:1-28:16）。布鲁斯论证这些第一人称复数的叙述表明作者是保罗旅程的同行者和目击者。这些段落的详细性和准确性，特别是航海技术细节的精确描述，进一步证实了路加作为见证人的可靠性。
Special analysis of the 'we' passages in Acts (16:10-17; 20:5-15; 21:1-18; 27:1-28:16). Bruce argues these first-person plural narratives indicate the author was a companion and eyewitness of Paul's journeys. The detail and accuracy of these passages, particularly precise descriptions of nautical technicalities, further confirm Luke's reliability as a witness.
“The 'we' passages in Acts provide the strongest evidence that the author was a companion of Paul. 使徒行传中的'我们'段落提供了最强有力的证据，证明作者是保罗的同伴。”
“The nautical details in Acts 27 have been praised by experts as remarkably accurate. 专家们称赞使徒行传27章中的航海细节惊人地准确。”