三位一体不是多神论

核心论证 Core Argument

基督教教导的三位一体——圣父、圣子、圣灵是同一位上帝的三个位格——是圣经的明确教导。但古兰经对三位一体的批评似乎误解了这一教义，将其等同于"上帝、耶稣和马利亚"三位神（古兰经5:116）。正统基督教从未教导马利亚是神的一部分——古兰经批评的是一个基督教从未持有的立场。 三位一体不是"三个神"（三神论），而是一位上帝在三个位格中存在。约翰福音1:1-3教导道（logos）在起初与上帝同在，道就是上帝，万物是借他造的。马太福音28:19的大使命公式"奉父、子、圣灵的名（单数）给他们施洗"将三个位格统一在一个"名"之下。 三位一体也回答了一个深层哲学问题：如果上帝在创造之前就是爱的上帝（约翰一书4:8），那么在没有受造物之前他爱谁？一元论的上帝在创造之前是孤独的，需要受造物来表达爱——这使爱变得偶然而非本质。但三一上帝在创造之前就有位格之间的永恒相爱——父爱子，子爱父，在圣灵里有永恒的团契。 因此三位一体不是抽象的神学拼图，而是对上帝本性的深刻洞见：上帝在本质上就是关系性的、爱的存在。这也是为什么人——按三一上帝的形象被造——天生渴望关系和爱。

The Christian doctrine of the Trinity — Father, Son, and Holy Spirit as three persons of one God — is explicit biblical teaching. But the Quran's critique of the Trinity appears to misunderstand it, equating it with 'God, Jesus, and Mary' as three gods (Quran 5:116). Orthodox Christianity has never taught Mary is part of the Godhead — the Quran criticizes a position Christianity never held. The Trinity is not 'three gods' (tritheism) but one God existing in three persons. John 1:1-3 teaches the Word (logos) was with God in the beginning and was God, and all things were made through Him. Matthew 28:19's Great Commission formula — 'baptizing in the name (singular) of the Father, Son, and Holy Spirit' — unifies three persons under one 'name.' The Trinity also answers a deep philosophical question: if God was a God of love before creation (1 John 4:8), whom did He love before anything was created? A unitarian God was alone before creation, needing creatures to express love — making love contingent rather than essential. But the Triune God had eternal interpersonal love before creation — Father loving Son, Son loving Father, in eternal fellowship through the Spirit. Thus the Trinity isn't an abstract theological puzzle but a profound insight into God's nature: God is inherently relational and loving. This is also why humans — made in the Triune God's image — inherently crave relationship and love.