他在那里且并不沉默
He Is There and He Is Not Silent
弗朗西斯·薛华 / Francis Schaeffer
简介 Summary
薛华护教学三部曲的重要组成部分，专门论证基督教世界观的认识论基础。书名"他在那里且并不沉默"强调了两个关键真理：上帝的存在性和上帝的启示性。薛华论证，只有承认有位格的、三位一体的上帝的存在，人类的认识活动才有可能。非基督教哲学在解释统一性与多样性、有限与无限的关系时陷入无法解决的困难，唯有基督教能为人类知识提供坚实基础。
An important component of Schaeffer's apologetic trilogy, specifically arguing for the epistemological foundations of a Christian worldview. The title "He Is There and He Is Not Silent" emphasizes two key truths: God's existence and God's revelatory nature. Schaeffer argues that only by acknowledging the existence of a personal, Trinitarian God can human cognitive activity be possible. Non-Christian philosophies encounter insurmountable difficulties in explaining relationships between unity and diversity, finite and infinite; only Christianity can provide solid foundations for human knowledge.
📑 章节 Chapters
Ch.1: Three Basic Areas of Philosophical Problems
薛华开篇确立了哲学思考的三个基本问题：形而上学（存在问题）、认识论（知识问题）和伦理学（道德问题）。他论证这三个领域的问题彼此相关，必须在统一的世界观框架内得到一致的解答。非基督教哲学在试图解答这些问题时，总是在某个层面上失败或自相矛盾。
Schaeffer opens by establishing three basic philosophical questions: metaphysics (existence), epistemology (knowledge), and ethics (morality). He argues these three areas are interrelated and must receive consistent answers within a unified worldview framework. Non-Christian philosophies always fail or contradict themselves at some level when attempting to answer these questions.
“The three basic areas of philosophy are like a three-legged stool; they must all be answered or you have nothing. 哲学的三个基本领域就像三腿凳；必须全部解答，否则就什么都没有。”
“Man needs propositional, verbalized truth from God. 人需要从上帝而来的命题性、语言化的真理。”
Ch.2: The Problem of Unity and Diversity
深入探讨哲学史上最核心的问题：统一性与多样性的关系。薛华指出，所有哲学体系都必须解释为什么宇宙既有统一性（普遍原则、逻辑规律）又有多样性（个别事物、具体差异）。他分析了各种非基督教哲学如何在这个问题上失败，而三位一体的基督教上帝观能够完美解决这一困难。
In-depth exploration of philosophy's most central problem: the relationship between unity and diversity. Schaeffer points out all philosophical systems must explain why the universe has both unity (universal principles, logical laws) and diversity (particular things, specific differences). He analyzes how various non-Christian philosophies fail on this issue, while the Trinitarian Christian view of God perfectly resolves this difficulty.
“The Trinity gives us the answer to the philosophical problem of the one and the many. 三位一体为我们解答了哲学中一与多的问题。”
“Without the Trinity, you are left with an unsolvable philosophical problem. 没有三位一体，你就面对一个无法解决的哲学问题。”
Ch.3: The Relationship Between Finite and Infinite
分析另一个基本哲学问题：有限存在与无限存在的关系。薛华展示非基督教哲学如何在这个问题上陷入两难：要么将无限简化为有限（唯物主义），要么将有限吞没于无限（泛神论）。只有基督教的个人性无限上帝概念，才能既保持无限的超越性，又与有限存在建立真实的关系。
Analyzing another fundamental philosophical problem: the relationship between finite and infinite existence. Schaeffer shows how non-Christian philosophies fall into dilemmas on this issue: either reducing the infinite to finite (materialism) or absorbing finite into infinite (pantheism). Only Christianity's concept of personal infinite God maintains infinite transcendence while establishing real relationship with finite existence.
“The personal-infinite God is the only philosophically satisfactory answer. 有位格的无限上帝是唯一在哲学上令人满意的答案。”
“Christianity does not begin with experience but with the existence of the infinite-personal God. 基督教不是从经验开始，而是从无限有位格的上帝的存在开始。”
Ch.4: The Possibility of Language and Communication
探讨人类语言和沟通能力的哲学基础。薛华论证，如果没有创造语言的位格神，人类语言就失去了客观意义的根基。他分析了现代语言哲学（如逻辑实证主义、存在主义）如何导致语言意义的相对化甚至消解，而基督教的语言观为真理的可传达性提供了坚实基础。
Exploring the philosophical foundation of human language and communication ability. Schaeffer argues that without a personal God who creates language, human language loses its foundation for objective meaning. He analyzes how modern language philosophy (like logical positivism, existentialism) leads to relativization or dissolution of linguistic meaning, while Christianity's view of language provides solid foundation for truth's communicability.
“God has spoken in verbal, propositional revelation. 上帝已经通过语言性、命题性启示说话了。”
“Without God's communication, all human language would be meaningless. 没有上帝的沟通，所有人类语言都会变得无意义。”
Ch.5: The Possibility and Certainty of Knowledge
系统阐述基督教认识论的独特优势。薛华论证，只有在三位一体上帝的框架内，人类知识才可能具有真正的确定性。他指出上帝既是万物的创造者也是启示者，人类作为按上帝形象所造的存在，具备认识真理的能力。这种观点既避免了怀疑主义的相对化，也避免了理性主义的自负。
Systematically explaining Christianity's unique epistemological advantages. Schaeffer argues that only within the Trinitarian God framework can human knowledge possess genuine certainty. He points out God is both creator and revealer of all things; humans, created in God's image, have the capacity to know truth. This view avoids both skepticism's relativization and rationalism's presumption.
“Man's rationality is valid because it is created by a rational God. 人的理性是有效的，因为它是由理性的上帝创造的。”
“True knowledge comes when finite knowledge corresponds to what is really there. 真正的知识产生于有限知识与客观实在相符合的时候。”